The retina forms the back layer of the eyeball. It is here that where vision begins as light rays strike the specialized cells of the retina- the rods and cones.  The image is then transported throught the optic nerve (yellow disc in photo) and optic pathways to the occipital lobe of the brain.

There are many common retinal diseases.   Some are isolated to the retinal and others are as associated with whole body diseases, such as diabetes and high blood pressure. Two common retinal problems are shown here- central retinal vein occlusion and retinal tear.

 

A central retinal vein or artery occlusion causes a sudden decrease in vision.  These occlusions can be associated with other systemic problems like high blood pressure or diabetes.  The appearance of the retina is said to resemble "tomato catsup" Responses to treatments can be variable, but many different options are available.

 

A retinal tear is a common problem that can lead to a retinal detachment if untreated.  It usually occurs spontaneously with associated "flashes and floaters".  It is most commone with aging, high amount of nearsightedness or concurrent retinal disease.  It is usually readily treatable.